There are various methods available for detecting the distance of an object in real-time. Each method is distinguished by its unique underlying hardware range. Consequently, distance sensors use a wide array of technologies such as lasers, IR (infrared) triangulation, ultrasonic, LED, and more. The selection of a sensor is primarily dependent on the application. These sensors offer different range characteristics including frequency, resolution, field of view (FOV), transmission-reception times, installation, and fixed operating costs. This article aims to provide an overview of distance sensors and their operation. Distance measurement sensors are particularly used in small-scale applications due to their precision, making them frequently employed in industrial settings.

What is a Distance Sensor?

A distance sensor is a reliable tool for accurate and rapid measurement, precise positioning, and the detection of a wide range of materials in various applications.

How Do Distance Measurement Sensors Work?

Distance sensors measure distance by sending an ultrasonic wave from the output unit, which reflects off the target and returns as a signal. Advances in technology have led to the production of different types, such as ultrasonic waves and LEDs, lasers, and others. Although proximity sensors and distance measurement sensors are often confused due to their similar functions, they have distinct purposes. Distance measurement sensors determine distance with high precision by calculating the time it takes for laser or ultrasonic waves to return after bouncing off the target and the signal intensity upon return. Their accuracy makes them highly favored in construction, architecture, and industrial manufacturing fields.

How Do These Sensors Work?

In general, these sensors operate by generating a type of wave, such as laser, IR LED, or ultrasonic, and reading how the wave changes upon return. These changes are primarily dependent on factors such as the intensity of the returned signal and the return time. Distance sensor specifications include resolution, range, and update rate. Choosing the best interface option for a distance sensor project involves considering several factors such as speed, power usage, and cable length from the sensor to the board.

Applications of Distance Sensors

These sensors are used not only for measuring distance but also for placement in robot grippers during pick-and-place applications.

• Palletizing applications
• Measuring coil diameter
• Detecting components and parts
• Observing stacking heights
• Height measurements in transport and packaging industries

How to Choose a Distance Sensor

There are several unique options for selecting and integrating a sensor into your project. Generally, we focus on four types of distance sensors: simple LEDs, LIDAR, ultrasonic, and VCSEL. Each option has its own advantages and disadvantages, and our guides, projects, and tools are available to help determine which is right for you. Key features of this sensor include reliability, low cost, ease of installation, accuracy, and non-contact distance measurement in automation.

Panasonic HG-C Distance Measurement Sensor

The CMOS laser sensor, as compact as a photoelectric sensor, allows for measurement of actual distances with precision comparable to a displacement sensor.

• • Accuracy and Linearity: +/-0.1% F.S.
  • Compact and Lightweight: W20mm x H44mm x D25mm
  • Precise Level Detection, Repeatability: 10μm
  • Measurement of Circular Gaps
  • Checking for Presence of O-Ring
  • Height Measurement of a Robot